India’s black pepper industry is poised for a turbulent 2025, as declining production and supply constraints push prices to new highs, creating a challenging landscape for farmers and traders alike. Vietnam, Brazil, Indonesia, and India constitute over 80% of global black pepper production and 95% of global trade. In 2024, India accounted for 11% of global black pepper production, with Karnataka contributing 60%, Kerala 30%, and the remaining 10% coming from Tamil Nadu and other regions.
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